Piano Atlas Serial Numbers
This is a partial list of piano manufacturers. Most piano professionals have access to detailed information about these brands using a Piano Atlas to reference serial numbers, which are used to determine a piano's age using the year a piano was built. This information is often used in piano appraisals.
Your piano’s age is one of the most significant factors in determining your piano’s Value. Video to mp3 converter software. Each piano is manufactured with a unique serial number that is recorded for future reference of not only when it was made but also where. Piano manufactures place serial numbers in a variety of places. Pianos often have numbers other than serial numbers, such as case and part numbers. Some pianos DO NOT HAVE SERIAL NUMBERS, therefore the exact age can not be determined.
Company | Place | Years active | Acquired by | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
A. B. Chase | Ohio | 1875 | Aeolian-American Corp until Aeolian went out of business. | Since 2001 the A.B Chase name has been used by Wrightwood Enterprises Inc. on pianos made by the Dongbei Piano Co. in China. |
A. M. McPhail[1] | Boston, MA | 1837–c. 1950 | ||
A. Mittag | Berlin | 1800 | ||
Aeolian Company | New York City | 1868–1985 | Merged with Ampico in 1932. Ampico rebranded as Aeolian in 1941. | |
Charles Albrecht | Philadelphia, PA and Long Island, NY | 1789–present | Acquired by Schultz & Sons Manufacturing Corp., New York | Manufactured in Long Island from 1993–present. One of the earliest pianos made in America. The first known piano by Albrecht is located at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.[2] |
Allen Brook | London | |||
American Piano Company | East Rochester, NY, US | 1908–1941 | Aeolian Company | aka. Ampico |
Artmann | Shanghai, China | 1998–present | ||
Astin Weight | Salt Lake City | 1959–1999 | ||
Alexander Herrmann KG | Sangerhausen, Germany | 1803–1993 | ||
Babcock | Boston | 1810 | ||
Baldwin | Cincinnati, OH, US | 1890–2001 | Gibson Guitar Corporation | |
Christian Baumann | Zweibrücken, Germany | 1740–1816 | ||
Baumgardt Piano | Stockholm, Sweden | 1859 | ||
Baus Piano Company | New York City | 1895–1929 | Jacob Doll Piano Company | Factories located at Southern Blvd. and Trinity Ave. They built a full line of upright pianos, player pianos, and grand pianos. It was acquired circa 1910; went out of business in the Great Depression |
Beale Piano | Sydney | 1893–1975 | ||
Becker Brothers | New York | 1892–1940 | They Also built pianos under the Bennington name, and player pianos under the Mellotone and Playernola name as well. | |
Bechstein Pianoforte Fabrik AG | Berlin and Seifhennersdorf, Germany | 1853–present | Was owned by Baldwin in 1963. Also manufactured Zimmermann brand after 1992 | |
Behr Brothers Piano Company | Kohler & Campbell | |||
Belarus[3] | Belarus | 1935–present | Also manufactures brands Sängler & Sohne, Schubert and Wieler | |
Bell | Canada | |||
Bentley Piano Company | ||||
Brinkerhoff | ||||
Beulhoff | ||||
Blüthner | 1853 | |||
Bohemia Piano | ||||
Boisselot & Fils | France | 1831–1908 | The brand became Boisselot Fils & Co. in 1847, after the passing of his father Jean-Louis Boisselot. | |
Borgato | Venice, Italy | 1991–present | ||
Bösendorfer | Vienna, Austria | 1828 | Yamaha | Acquired in 2007 |
Brødrene Hals | Oslo | 1847–1925 | ||
Brinsmead | London | 1835 | ||
Broadwood and Sons | London | 1774–present | ||
Brodmann[4] | Vienna and Hong Kong | 2004- | Parsons Music Hong Kong | |
C. Burlman & Co. | ||||
Cable and Sons | New York | 1852 | ||
Cable, Hobart M. | La Porte, IN, US | 1900–1960s | brand was purchased by American Sejung in the 1990s | |
Cable Company | Chicago | 1880 | ||
Camp & Company | New York City | 1879-1930 | Kohler & Campbell now Samick | |
Cavendish Pianos | Bolton Abbey, Yorkshire | 2012–present | ||
Challen | London | 1804 | ||
Chappell Pianos | London | 1811 | ||
Charles R. Walter | Elkhart, IN, US | 1975 | ||
Charles Stieff | Baltimore | c. 1852–1951 | often referred to as 'The poor man's Steinway' | |
Chas. S. Norris | Boston | c. 1930 | ||
Chernobieff | Lenoir City, TN, US | 2010 | Maker of Mammoth Vertical Concert Grand piano | |
Chickering and Sons | Boston | 1823–1983 | American Piano Company | Acquired in 1908 |
Collard & Collard | London | |||
Cunningham Piano Company | Philadelphia | 1891 | ||
Currier Piano Co. | Boston and Marion, NC, US | 1823, 1969 | Acquisition details | |
Clementi | ||||
Danemann | London | 1893 | ||
Decker Brothers | New York | 1862 | ||
Eastman | ||||
Edmund | British Columbia | |||
Érard | Paris | 1777 | ||
Emerson Piano Company | Boston | |||
Estey Piano Corp | 1869 | |||
Estonia Piano Factory | Estonia | 1893–present | ||
EUTERPE | ||||
Fahr Albert | Zeitz, Germany | 1887–1950 | ||
Falcone[5] | Haverhill, MA, US | 1982–1993 | American Sejung Corp. | |
Fandrich & Sons | Stanwood, WA, US | c. 1989–present | ||
Fazioli | Sacile, PN, Italy | 1978–present | ||
Feurich | 1851 | |||
J.&C. Fischer | New York | 1840-(1940's sold to Aeolian Piano Co.) | ||
August Förster | Löbau, Germany | 1859–present | ||
Francis Connor | New York | 1871 | ||
Fritz Dobbert | São Paulo, Brazil | 1950 | ||
Gabler | New York | 1851 | ||
Gaveau | Paris | 1847 | ||
Generalmusic | Italy and Bensenville, IL, US | |||
Glenz (Josef) | Breslau | |||
Timothy Gilbert | Boston | 1827 | ||
Goetzmann | New York | |||
Grinnell | Detroit, Michigan | 1902–Present | Samick | Sold under names Lenard, Clayton, Holly, Uxbridge and Playtona. Address: 1515 Woodward Ave. |
Grotrian-Steinweg | Braunschweig, Germany | 1835–present | ||
Gunther[6] | Brussels | 1845–1960 | ||
Haddorf Piano Company | Rockford, Illinois | 1902–1960 | Maker of Steinbach, Clarendon & Dreher | |
Haines Brothers | New York | 1832 | ||
Hallet, Davis & Co | Boston | 1843 | Hallet, Davis, & Co. is now owned by North American Music, Inc. and has been in production since the original Hallet, Davis & Company was formed in Boston in 1843 by George H. Davis, Russell Hallet, and other partners. It was originally Brown and Hallet in 1835. Hallet & Davis was reconstituted by Davis with another Hallet (Benjamin Franklin Hallet) in Boston in the 1850s.[7] The W. W. Kimball Company acquired Hallet & Davis in the early 1900s. In 1905, the Conway Company, a holding company, acquired the Hallet & Davis name from Kimball. In 1927, Conway disposed of its piano business.[8] In the mid-twentieth century, the Hallet & Davis name, as well as many other U.S. piano brands, were consolidated under the Aeolian-American Corp., which declared bankruptcy in 1985. | Known as Brown and Hallet from 1835 to 1843, Hallet, Davis, & Co. is the oldest United States Piano Name still in production. Continuing the Hallet & Davis brand, and appropriate to its Boston association, there was a trademark submission in 1998 for 'HALLET, DAVIS & CO. BOSTON' as was applied for by North American Music, Inc., a piano distributor.[9] The application was 'Refused/Dismissed or Invalidated' by the U.S. Patent and Trade Office (USPTO).[10] The very next year, in 1999, North American Music applied again for a Hallet & Davis trademark, but this time simply as 'HALLET, DAVIS & CO.' (removing 'BOSTON'), which was ultimately granted in 2001 by the USPTO.[11] The Pearl River Piano Group of China (which manufactures HD&C pianos as well as Essex Pianos for Steinway & Sons), puts 'Boston' under the HD&C and thus providing the continuity of Lineage to its roots in Boston, MA. |
Hansmann | ||||
Hardman Peck | New York | 1842 | ||
Heichele, Johann | Ljubljana, Trieste | 1790–1813 | ||
Heintzman & Co. | Toronto | 1866 | ||
Henk Hupkes | Rotterdam, The Netherlands | 2007–present | Build in cooperation with Thüringer Pianoforte, Eisenberg, Germany | |
Herbert | Milwaukee, WI US | |||
Hobart M. Cable | La Porte, Indiana, US | 1900 | American Sejung Corp. | |
Hornung & Møller | Copenhagen, Denmark | 1827–1972 | ||
Hupfield | 1880 | |||
Ibach | 1794 | |||
Irmler | Leipzig and Poland | |||
Søren Jensen | Copenhagen, Denmark | 1893–1921 | ||
J. Erbe Eisenach | Germany | 1881 | ||
J. Strauss & Son | 1925 | |||
Julius Bauer & Co | Chicago | |||
Kawai | Hamamatsu, Japan | 1930–present | Also owns the Shigeru Kawai brand | |
Kemble | 1911 | |||
Kimball | Chicago | 1857 | see Kimball International | |
Kirschner | New York | |||
Klavins Piano Manufaktúra Kft. | Vác, Hungary | 2017–present | ||
Knabe | Baltimore | 1837 | American Piano Company | Acquired in 1908 |
Knight, Ltd. | 1935 | |||
Kohler & Campbell | New York | 1896 | Samick | |
Krakauer Bros | New York | 1869 | ||
Kranich & Bach | 1864 | |||
Kurtzmann | ||||
Albert W. Ladd & Company | Boston | 1838 | ||
Lauter Piano Co. | Newark, NJ, US | 1862–1930 | ||
Leipziger Pianofortefabrik | 1835 | |||
Lesage Piano Company[12] | Quebec | Willis & Co. | Acquired in 1907 | |
Lester Piano Company[13] | Lester, PA, US | 1888–1960 | Also manufactured brands Channing, Alden, Bellaire, Schubert and Leonard | |
Lindeman & Sons | New York | 1836 | ||
Ludwig & Company | St. Louis, MO, US | 1895 | ||
M. Schulz Piano Co. | Chicago | 1869–1930s | Company manufactured and sold pianos under the names of M. Schulz, Walworth, Bradford, Irving, and Maynard, and Aria Divina. They were also sold under the names Brinkerhoff (from teens until about 1950s) and Schriver & Sons. | |
Maene | Ruiselede, Belgium | 1938–present | Founded by Parents Albert Maene-Doutreloigne | |
Marshall & Wendell | New York City | 1875-1953 | ||
Mason & Hamlin | Boston | 1854–present | Part owned by The Cable Company (from 1904–1924). Acquired by American Piano Company (1924), Aeolian (c. 1929), Aeolian-American (1932), (Various owners from 1940s–1980s), Sohmer & Co. (1985), and Burgett, Inc. (1996) | This brand has changed hands and factories many times in its history. See main article. |
Mason & Risch | Ontario | |||
Mathushek | New York | 1852–1879 | New Haven 1866 | |
Mehlin & Sons | New York | 1853–1960 | ||
Melville Clark company | DeKalb | Purchased by Baldwin in 1919 | ||
Mendelssohn | Canada | |||
Moore and Moore | London | |||
Muir, Wood and Company[14] | Edinburgh, Scotland | 1798–1818 | Wood, Small and Company | Wood, Small and Company was formed at John Muir's Death in 1818 |
Murdoch, McKillop & Co | Edinburgh, Scotland | |||
Joseph Newman | Baltimore | 1829 | ||
Newman & Bros. | Baltimore | 1842 | ||
Nordheimer | Canada | |||
Obermann & Sohn | ||||
Overs | Sydney, Australia | |||
Pape | Paris | 1817 | ||
Stephen Paulello | Villethierry, France | present | ||
Pearl River Piano Group | Guangzhou, China | 1956–present | ||
Perzina | Lenzen, Germany and Yantai, China | 1871–present | ||
Petrof | Hradec Králové, Czech Republic | 1864–present | ||
Petzold | Paris | 1806 | ||
Pfeiffer | Stuttgart, Germany | 1862 | ||
Prate | Canada | |||
Pirsson | New York | 1829 | ||
Pleyel | Paris | 1807 | ||
QRS | 1900 | |||
Quidoz | Quebec | |||
Rainer | Canada | |||
Reed & SonsChicago, Il. USA | 1842 | |||
Rubenstein | 2005–present | |||
Manuel Samaniego[citation needed] | Madrid | c. 1800s–1892 | ||
Samick | Incheon, South Korea | 1958–present | ||
San Francisco Piano Co. | ||||
Sauter[15][16] | 1819–present | |||
Adam Schaaf[17] | Chicago | 1873–1930s | also sold as Clarion and Orpheus | |
Schiedmayer | 1853 | |||
Schiller Piano Company[18] | Oregon, Illinois | 1890–1936 | Cable Company | |
Schimmel | Germany | 1885–present | ||
Scholze | ||||
Schultz & Sons | Brooklyn, NY and Long Island, NY | 1948–present | In Brooklyn 1948–1973. In Long Island 1974–present. Schultz & Sons has an exclusive arrangement with several manufacturers to make pianos that arethen modified and enhanced in the Schultz & Sons factory. Schultz & Sons has applied for patents on its unique innovations in Action, Scale, and Soundboard design. Schultz & Sons alsocontrols the Charles Albrecht name. They produce Grands, Consoles, and Uprights. In addition tothe Schultz & Sons serial number, pianos have the original manufacturers serial number.[2]Pianos with the following second serial numbers were originally made by: Kawai starting with 1955160Sohmer starting with 244540Nakamichi starting with 057493 Kohler & Campbell starting with 798777 [2] | |
Schulze & Pollman | ||||
Schweighofer | 1792–1938 | |||
Sears, Roebuck & Company[19] | Chicago | c. 1900–1930 | Also manufactured/sold brands Beckwith, American Home, Maywood, Beverley, and Caldwell | |
Seiler | 1849 | Samick | ||
Sezemsky | Chicago | 1886–1901 | ||
Sherlock-Manning | Ontario | |||
Sherman Clay | San Francisco | |||
Shomacker | Philadelphia | c. 1840s | ||
Shondorff | New York | |||
Sjuman Instruments | Indonesia | 2015 | ||
F.G. Smith | New York | 1866 | ||
Sohmer & Co. | New York | 1872 | ||
Starr Piano Company | Richmond, Indiana | 1872–1950 | Originally named the Trayser Piano Company, after one of its founders, George Trayser. They also produced a more affordable, yet exceptional quality, piano line, the 'Richmond Piano Company', which was sold alongside theirs in showrooms. Also known for founding Gennett Records. | |
Steck | New York | 1857 | American Sejung Corp. | |
Steinbach & Dreher | Rockford, Illinois | 1902–1960 | Actually made by Haddorff Piano company. | |
G. Steinberg | Berlin, Germany | 1908–present | ||
Steingraeber & Söhne[20] | Bayreuth, Germany | 1852–present | ||
Steinway & Sons | New York and Hamburg, Germany | 1853–present | ||
Sterling Piano Company | Derby, CT, US | 1866–1967 | Founded in 1845 as The Sterling Organ Company by Charles A. Sterling, the company merged with the Winter Piano Company after the Great Depression. They also produced the cheaper, but reputable, Huntington Piano. | |
Story & Clark | Los Angeles | 1884 | ||
Straube Piano Company | Downers Grove, Illinois (1895–1904) Hammond, Indiana (1904–1940) Chicago Heights (1940–1942) Rockford, Illinois (1942–1949) | 1895–1949 | C.G. Conn (1942) | Manufactured Straube, Hammond, Gilmore, and Woodward; receiver's sale in 1934; bankruptcy in 1937 — remaining assets, including name and patents continued in 1937 in the newly formed Indiana corporation, Straube Pianos Inc. |
Streicher[16] | 1802 | |||
Strich & Zeidler[21][22] | New York City | 1889–1930s | Also manufactured Homer brand | |
Stuart and Sons | Newcastle, Australia | present | ||
Stuyvesant | New York | |||
Suzuki Musical Instrument Corporation | Japan | 1953 | ||
Thos Goggan & Brothers | Texas | |||
Thürmer | 1834 | |||
Uebel & Lechleiter | Heilbronn, Germany | 1872–1987 | ||
United Piano Makers | New York | c. 1800s | ||
Verdugo e Hijo | Quito, Ecuador | 1995–present | ||
Waldberg | Berlin | c. 1890 | ||
Weber (New York)[12] | New York | 1852 | Young Chang | |
George Weber & son, John | Chicago | 1917 | ||
Weber (Ontario)[12] | Kingston, ON, Canada | 1862 | Lesage Piano Company | |
Whaley-Royce | Toronto | [1] | ||
Whelpdale, Maxwell & Codd | 1876 | |||
George Wilkinson | London | 1811 | ||
Wilh. Steinberg | Germany | 1877 | ||
Willis & Company Ltd.[23] | Montreal | 1889–1979 | Acquired Lesage Piano Company in 1907. Also manufactured Newcombe | |
Wolfframm Dresden | Dresden, Germany | 1872–1930s | Started out under brand name Apollo | |
Wornum | London | 1811 | ||
Wood, Small and Company[24] | Edinburgh, Scotland | 1818–1829 | Successive firms were Wood and Company, J. Muir Wood Company, and Small, Bruce and Company | Continued until Andrew Wood's Death in 1829 |
Wornum | London | 1811 | ||
Wurlitzer | Cincinnati, OH, US | 1856–1988 | Baldwin | Also sold under the names Apollo, De Kalb, Julius Bauer, Farney, Kingston, Kurtzman, Merrium. Schaff Bros. and Underwood. |
Yamaha | Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan | 1887–present | Acquired Bösendorfer in 2007. See also List of Yamaha products | |
Young Chang | Seoul, South Korea | 1956 | Hyundai Development Company | Acquired in 2006 |
Zimmermann | Seifhennersdorf, Germany | 1884–2011 | Bechstein Pianoforte Fabrik AG | Acquired in 1992 |
References[edit]
- Vertical piano serial numbers: Model 248A Pro, 48' tall. 1990 - 4 - 4 - 4 - 4 - See numbers below. Baldwin vertical pianos 44' tall and up: Models 6000, 5050, 248 (after 1993), 243. 1984 - 3 - 4 - 4 - 4 - 4 - 486686. Baldwin Acrosonic serial numbers.
- Online Piano Atlas. How old is your piano? The age of your piano from a serial number. Search between thousands of brands. Database managed by piano professionals. Where was your piano built? The country and town of manufacturing. Serial number and result. Multiple languages.
- ^'Antique Piano Shop, McPhail'.
- ^ abcBob Pierce, Larry Ashley Pierce Piano Atlas, 10th Edition, September 26, 1996
- ^The Virtual Pianoshop. 'Piano: Belarus'. Retrieved 14 December 2012.
- ^'Piano: Brodmann'. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
- ^'Falcone, The Handmade American Piano'.
- ^'Antique Piano Shop, Gunther'.
- ^Novak., Clinkscale, Martha (1993–1999). Makers of the piano. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press. ISBN0198163231. OCLC27430492.
- ^Dolge, Alfred (1913). Pianos and Their Makers, Vol. 2. Covina, CA: Covina Publishing Company. p. 107. ISBN1527808947.
- ^'- North American Music'. namusic.com. Retrieved 2018-05-14.
- ^'Trademark Status & Document Retrieval'. tsdr.uspto.gov. Retrieved 2018-05-14.
- ^'Trademark Status & Document Retrieval'. tsdr.uspto.gov. Retrieved 2018-05-14.
- ^ abc'Antique Piano Shop, Weber'.
- ^'Lester Piano Company'. Archived from the original on 2012-06-06.
- ^Palmieri, Robert (2003). The Piano: An Encyclopedia. New York City, NY, USA: Taylor & Francis. p. 243.
- ^'HIstory of Sauter'. Archived from the original on 2006-08-21.
- ^ ab'Extended History of Sauter'. Archived from the original on 2012-05-01.
- ^'Antique Piano Shop, Adam Schaaf'.
- ^Novak, Alice (29 November 2012), NRHP Nomination: Oregon Commercial Historic District(PDF), Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, archived from the original(pdf) on 20 November 2015
- ^The Antique Piano Shop. 'Sears, Roebuck & Company'. Retrieved 14 December 2012.
- ^History of the Manufacturers Steingraeber & Söhne(pdf)
- ^'Antique Piano Shop, Strich & Zeidler'.
- ^Dolge, Alfred (1913). Pianos and Their Makers: Development of the piano industry in America Since the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, 1876; Volume II. Covina Publishing Company.
- ^'The Canadian Encyclopedia, Willis & Company Ltd'. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- ^Palmieri, Robert (2003). The Piano: An Encyclopedia. New York City, NY, USA: Taylor & Francis. p. 435.
External links[edit]
See also[edit]
Free Piano Serial Number Search

Many factors determine the value of your piano—one of the biggest being its overall condition. A qualified piano technician can take an in-depth look at your instrument and give you a fairly accurate dollar amount and sometimes proof of appraisal. If you want to figure out its worth yourself, you’ll need to do some legwork before you can move forward.
Determine the Condition of Your Piano
Inspecting the piano’s exterior is crucial; it will be the first thing a potential buyer will notice, and it will clue them in on the instrument’s overall quality. Exterior damage will lower the piano’s desirability, but it can also indicate deeper issues. Take note of the following:
- Keyboard Condition: First, check each key at soft and loud volumes. None should be out of tune, muted, or silent. If your piano is fairly in tune, keep an ear out for singular keys that are disproportionately off, or produce strange harmonics.
You should also check the alignment of the keyboard and note any crookedness along the edges and in between keys. Look for this horizontally at keyboard-level as well as from above. Of course, broken, yellowed, stained, or chipped keys will diminish value; significantly so if they cannot be justified by the age of the instrument. - Pedals: First, make sure you understand each piano pedal, then you can inspect them further. Are they rusted? Do they stick, go limp, or feel like they hit a “bump” when you depress them? Age does not excuse these issues; upkeep is lacking if these problems are not addressed.
- Damage to the Wood Finish: Are there cracks or scratches on the piano finish? Has any of the wood warped or been sun-damaged? Even if a buyer is willing to refinish the piano, damage to the surface is often caused by elements that also harm the inside. If you’re unfamiliar with the interior parts, consider having them checked out if the exterior looks rough.
- Piano Leg Sturdiness: Wobbly legs are a safety hazard for the piano and anyone around it. If you notice any loose screws, tighten them; but if the leg still loosens after being fixed the wood may have to be replaced. Don’t tackle anything more than a loose screw, you could hurt yourself or damage the instrument further.
Software Serial Numbers
Internal Caveats
Inspecting a piano’s interior takes a bit more work. At the very least, you should look out for:
- Rusted or worn-down strings
- Strings that have created deep, splintering grooves in the surrounding wood
- Loose felt on the hammers
- An out-of-shape or cracked soundboard
Next Steps
Next, you need to determine three details specific to your piano: the serial number, the manufacturer, and the date of manufacture.

- Finding the Piano’s Serial Number
The serial number will be engraved on an interior metal plate located near the keys or on the pin block. On grand pianos, it may be hiding underneath the key slip. Contact a registered piano technician so that he/she can safely remove the necessary parts to access the serial code. - Get the Manufacturer’s Name
The name is often found on the front of the piano, just above or below the keyboard. If these areas are blank, flip open the lid and look at the soundboard, or check behind an upright/underneath a grand. - Determine the Date of Manufacture
You may need to figure out your piano’s age before you can advance, but this is easily found once you have the info in steps 1 & 2 (sometimes the date is written on the soundboard next to the manufacturer, but this is uncommon). Some manufacturers—such as Yamaha—post this information online (type “serial” in the site’s search box if you’re lost), or it can be found in an updated version of the Pierce Piano Atlas.
The Current Value of Your Piano
Once you’ve collected all the necessary info, you can get a dollar amount. Hp deskjet 1000 driver for windows 10 7. If you’re going about this on your own, your best resource is an updated version of The Piano Book: Buying & Owning a New or Used Piano, which is updated yearly or bi-yearly. (In addition to the values of almost 3,000 piano brands and models, this book is a goldmine of information for any piano owner or enthusiast.)
3 Reasons to Hire a Technician
- If you plan to sell your piano, whether to a retailer or a private buyer, it’s always best to receive a note of appraisal so that neither party gets the short end of the stick.
- Your piano might need a specific repair that, if fixed, could pay for itself and make you a profit.
- Observing your technician in action can shed light on your next piano purchase and give you insight on what (and what not) to look for.